BRAD SELIGMAN (SBN 083838)

JOCELYN D. LARKIN (SBN 110817)

THE IMPACT FUND

125 University Avenue

Berkeley, CA 94710

Telephone:        (510) 845-3473

Facsimile:         (510) 845-3654

 

JOSEPH SELLERS

CHRISTINE WEBBER

COHEN, MILSTEIN, HAUSFELD & TOLL

West Tower – Suite 500

1100 New York Avenue

Washington, D.C. 20005-3964

Telephone:        (202) 408-4600

Facsimile:         (202) 408-4699

 

SHEILA Y. THOMAS (SBN 161403)

DORIS Y. NG (SBN 169544)

EQUAL RIGHTS ADVOCATES

1663 Mission Street, Suite 250

San Francisco, CA 94103

Telephone:        (415) 621-0672

Facsimile:         (415) 621-6744

STEPHEN TINKLER

MERIT BENNETT

TINKLER & BENNETT

309 Johnson Street

Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501

Telephone:        (505) 986-0269

Facsimile:         (505) 982-6698

 

 

STEVE STEMERMAN (SBN 067690)

ELIZABETH LAWRENCE (SBN 111781)

DAVIS, COWELL & BOWE

100 Van Ness Avenue, 20th Floor

San Francisco, CA 94102

Telephone:        (415) 626-1880

Facsimile:         (415) 626-2860

 

DEBRA GARDNER

PUBLIC JUSTICE CENTER

500 East Lexington Street

Baltimore, MD 21202

Telephone:        (410) 625-9409

Facsimile:         (410) 625-9423

 

SHAUNA MARSHALL (SBN 90641)

HASTINGS COLLEGE OF THE LAW

200 McAllister Street

San Francisco, CA 94102

Telephone:        (415) 565-4685

Facsimile:         (415) 626-2860

 

Attorneys for Plaintiffs

 

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

 

NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

 

BETTY DUKES, PATRICIA SURGESON, EDITH ARANA, DEBORAH GUNTER, CHRISTINE KWAPNOSKI, CLEO PAGE, KAREN WILLIAMSON, on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated,

 

                        Plaintiffs

vs.

WAL-MART STORES, INC.,

                        Defendant

Case No. C-01-2252 MJJ

 

 

DECLARATION OF MELISSA

HOWARD IN SUPPORT OF

PLAINTIFFS’ MOTION FOR CLASS CERTIFICATION

 

 

 

I, Melissa Howard, declare:

1.      I have personal knowledge of the facts contained in this declaration and, if called as a witness, am competent to testify to those facts. 

2.      I am female and 35 years old.  I live in Indianapolis, Indiana with my daughter, Mikaela, who is seven years old.

3.      I was hired by Wal-Mart Stores in August 1992.  I was placed as a department manager in Electronics in the New Castle, Indiana Wal-Mart store., earning $6.00 per hour.  At the time I was hired, I had six years of retail experience with K-Mart, including supervisory experience as a department manager and support team manager.  

4.       I entered Wal-Mart’s Assistant Manager training program in June 1993 and was trained at the Muncie, Indiana store.   When I started training, I wrote that my long-term goals were to work my way up the ladder to store manager, district manager and ultimately regional manager.  Attached hereto as Exhibit A is a true and correct copy of March 23, 1993 trainee evaluation.

5.      Following my training, I returned as the Third Shift Assistant Manager to the Newcastle store, which meant that I worked nights managing unloading and stocking.  I was transferred to the Watsecka, Illinois store where I was the Assistant Manager for Hardlines.  I was the only female in management.   Within the year, I was the Lead Assistant Manager, meaning that I was responsible for signatures and reports in the store manager’s absence.  In February 1994, I received an “exceeds expectations” rating on my performance evaluation. I wrote on my evaluation that I wanted to be a store manager by the time I was 30, and then move up to district manager.  Attached hereto as Exhibit B is a true and correct copy of my February 4, 1994 evaluation.

6.      I resigned from Wal-Mart in September 1994 because of an incident with Regional Vice President John Waters.   In the course of a store tour, Mr. Waters loudly berated me about designating plastic spoons as non-replenishable items.  He yelled and belittled me in front of my hourly clerks as well as other management staff and questioned how I could be an assistant manager.  The District Manager, John DiPasquale, who was also on the store tour, tried to come to my defense, telling Mr. Waters that I had in fact acted properly with respect to the plastic spoons.   This did not deter Mr. Waters. 

7.      Later I decided to use the Open Door Policy and spoke with District Manager DiPasquale about the incident.  He told me that things would not change with Mr. Waters and that I just needed to “take the shit and let it roll.”   I did not want to be treated this way in the future so I resigned.   

8.      Shortly thereafter, I learned that Wal-Mart Divisional President Bill Fields was interested in speaking to former Assistant Managers about their reasons for leaving Wal-Mart.  I met with Mr. Fields and explained what had occurred with Mr. Waters.  Mr. Fields told me that he had received other complaints from women about Mr. Waters’ conduct towards them.  Mr. Fields assured me that Mr. Waters was no longer a Regional Vice President and he asked me to return to my position with Wal-Mart.  I agreed.

9.      I was placed as an Assistant Manager in Plainfield, Indiana in March 1995.  My daughter was born in January 1996 and my performance evaluation ranking for the year after she was born was “exceeds expectations.”  

10.   In July 1997, I was promoted to the position of Store Manager in Marysville, Kansas.  I drove with my daughter’s father, who is African-American, to find a place to live there.  When we arrived in town, we were treated hostilely by a clerk in the local Wal-Mart store, the town realtor and by a number of  prospective landlords because we were a mixed-race family.  At the last rental we visited, the landlord told us that my daughter was not safe and that we needed to be out of town by dark.  I knew then that I could not move my family to this place.

11.  I called the Regional Personnel Manager Gary Coward, explained what had happened and asked to be placed as a store manager anywhere else.  He refused and told me that I would have to go to Marysville as planned or accept a demotion and return as an assistant manager to the 86th Store in Indianapolis, one of the worst stores in the area.  I took the demotion to assistant manager at the 86th Street Store. This was particularly humiliating because my employees in Plainfield had just thrown me a big going-away party to celebrate my promotion.    

12.  I was placed as a co-manager of the Greenwood, Indiana store in September 1997.  The Store Manager, Curt Mace, ran the store like a boys’ club.  He regularly socialized with a group of male managers and hourly employees – going to lunch together, drinking, playing pool, and going to the race track.  I was not invited to participate in these activities but rather was left to run the store. Wal-Mart’s anti-fraternization policy prohibits store management from socializing with subordinates outside of work.  To my knowledge, Mr. Mace was not coached for his conduct.  

13.  In June 1998, I posted for a store manager opening in Decatur, Indiana and was selected.  The store had a lot of problems when I arrived (i.e. 16 trailers of old merchandise in the back) but I was able, over time, to clean it up.  I put the store through a remodel and there was a grand opening in late 1999.  Attached hereto as Exhibit C are a number of commendations that I received for the work that I did at Decatur.

14.  As the Decatur store manager, I was required to attend regular district meetings in Fort Wayne, Indiana.  I was the only female store manager in the district.  The district manager would sometimes hold the lunch meeting at Hooter’s restaurant.  The waitresses at the restaurant are required to wear tight t-shirts to show off their breasts.   During the meeting, I was forced to listen to lots of discussion among the male managers about the waitresses’ breasts and butts and which sexual experiences they would like to have with them. While it was humiliating to be there, I was reluctant to complain.  I knew from attending the annual company meetings that the male managers often went out together to strip clubs after the meeting.  It seemed to me to be an accepted part of the culture.

15.   In September 1999, I was assigned as the store manager for the new supercenter slated to open in Bluffton, Indiana.  In my experience, Wal-Mart generally staffed new stores with an experienced group of managers.  Instead, I was given a team of managers that included two co-managers who were brand new to Wal-Mart.  So, in addition to hiring and training 450 new employees, I also had to train the management staff.   When other new stores had in the past opened in the Fort Wayne area, they had been staffed with experienced managers.  The store managers in those new stores were men.  I felt as if I was being set up to fail with this inexperienced management staff.

16.  Specifically, district management hired Jerome Rauch (a male) from a local grocery store chain to serve as the co-manager in Bluffton.  Rauch had no Wal-Mart experience, management or otherwise.  He was paid a guaranteed salary of $65,000 annually -- $15,000 more than I was making although he reported to me.  He also received three weeks’ paid vacation from his hire date; I had had to work seven years to accumulate that same benefit.  I am aware that another male co-manager, Alia Naghdi, was hired off the street for $10,000 more than I was making. 

17.  In March 2000, our district manager Kevin Washburn learned he was in trouble because several stores in his district had high shrink; the Bluffton store was not one of them, however.  We (the district manager, the store managers and the loss prevention staff) were told to drive to Bentonville to meet with senior management about the problems.   We went in two cars, one driven by District Manager Washburn and the other by Phil Harris, Loss Prevention District Manager.  I was the only woman in my car and there was another female store manager, Shelly Lehman, in the other. During the approximately 16-hour drive, the male managers talked ceaselessly about sex despite my repeated requests that they stop.  We stopped for gas and several of the male managers wanted to go for a drink at the club adjacent to the station.  When we entered, I realized that it was a strip club.  Although I had never been in a place like this and had no interest in being there, I had no choice but to stay because I did not have my own car.   I did not believe that it would have been safe for me to sit in the parking lot in the dark outside the club.  I tried to ignore the show, but at one point, I was approached by one of the strippers and District Manager Kevin Washburn proposed that he pay one of the strippers $50 to have a “threesome out back” with me.  I refused. 

18.   In Bentonville, our team was berated and humiliated for the district’s bad performance. We were made to stand up in a large group meeting and be introduced as the group “that just lost us a million dollars.”  District Manager Washburn and another Store Manager, David Pickle, were demoted.  I met privately with the Divisional President Mike Huffaker, who told me that I was  a great store manager and that I was only there because the Decatur store (which I had been out of for several months) was among those with high shrink.

19.  On the return trip to Indiana, we stopped at two more strip clubs, including the “Pink Cadillac” somewhere in Missouri.  The other female manager, Shelly Lehman, and I sat in the back of the club as far away from the stage as possible,  while several of the men sat up close and paid for lap dances.  We repeatedly asked the male drivers whether we could leave.  When we returned to the motel where we were to spend the night, District Manager Washburn and at least one other store manager dropped us off and announced that they were going to a massage parlor, which I understood to mean that they were planning to hire prostitutes.

20.  I returned to work at the Bluffton store and District Manager Washburn was replaced briefly by David Tyson, who in turn was replaced by John Waters in May 2000.  As noted earlier in my declaration, I had resigned in 1994 because of Mr. Waters’ abusive conduct towards me and I knew that he had been demoted at that time from his Regional Manager position.  I worried that he might now retaliate against me for these earlier events.  I grew more afraid when, at our first meeting, he made a point of telling me, in a less than friendly tone, that he “remembered” me.  

21.  At our next meeting, two weeks later, my fear increased when District Manager Waters questioned how it was that I had ever gotten a supercenter store manager position.  When I responded that it was because of my strong past performance, he told me that what he had heard that I was a supercenter store manager because  I was “Kevin’s pet,” referring to my former District Manager Kevin Washburn.

22.    While my store’s performance was on track, Mr. Waters started to look for reasons to criticize me.  For example, some of the hourly employees complained to him that one of the female assistant managers (who I played no role in selecting) was “too mean.”  Based on this, he told me my performance was “unacceptable” and I needed to fix the problem or turn in my keys.   Mr. Waters called in a Wal-Mart quality assurance inspector to see if he could find a problem in the grocery area of my store.  The inspector found nothing wrong.      

23.  Two weeks later, on June 16, Mr. Waters telephoned me and asked me to step down.  I demanded to meet with him in person and I drove 30 miles to meet him.  He told me that a woman should not be running a Wal-Mart store and that I “needed to be home raising my daughter.”   He instructed me to step down “voluntarily” and to tell my employees at the morning meeting that having this new supercenter was too stressful for a single parent and that I just needed to take a break.   In other words, it was not enough for Mr. Waters to just get rid of me.  I believe that he also wanted me to send a strong signal to other women that the job was not right for any mother.    He told me to step down voluntarily or he would have me out within four to six weeks – he would make my life “hell.”  I had no choice but to step down.  

24.  At the time, the Bluffton store – my store -- was running in the black and would have made a profit in the first year, which is very unusual for a new store. 

25.  At that time that I was forced to step down, Mr. Waters had ten stores in his district and I was the only female manager in the district.   A male, Bruce Hovey, was assigned as the new store manager of the Bluffton store.  Mr. Hovey had previously worked for Mr. Waters and had been fired for altering payroll documents.

26.  I sent a letter to the Regional Vice President Arthur Emmanuel complaining about my demotion.  In the letter, I specifically raised the question of whether my treatment was a result of my gender.  Attached hereto as Exhibit D is a true and correct copy of the letter that I wrote.  I subsequently spoke by phone with Mr. Emmanuel and renewed my concerns that Mr. Waters was motivated to act because I am female.  Mr. Emmanuel told me that there had not been any complaints about Mr. Waters’ treatment of women, a statement that I knew to be false based upon my discussion with Divisional President Bill Fields in 1994.  

27.  I was transferred as a co-manager in the Columbia City, Indiana store in July 2000.  My new district manager, Dave Tyson, told me that I had to be placed in a different district  - a 120 mile daily commute -- because John Waters refused to have me in his district.  He told me to work hard and prove myself and I could again run a store.

28.  Shortly thereafter, I received a call from the Regional Personnel Manager, Shantel Jones, who instructed me not to shop in the Bluffton Wal-Mart store.  The associates there remained loyal to me and were not receptive to the man that Mr. Waters had selected to replace me  She felt that my presence in the store undermined his ability to succeed.

29.   I assumed that, once I took my demotion and moved out of his district, District Manager Waters would leave me alone.  I was wrong.  Mr. Waters accused me of violating the anti-fraternization policy – he claimed that I had been involved with a subordinate whom I supervised.  There was an investigation (ironically, conducted by Jerome Rauch) and I was cleared of any wrongdoing.

30.  I knew at that point that I had to leave Wal-Mart.  I resigned a few weeks later.

I declare under penalty of perjury under the laws of the State of Indiana that the foregoing is true and correct.  Executed this ___ day of March, 2003 at Indianapolis, Indiana.

 

                                                                  ______________________________

                                                                  Melissa J. Howard