BRAD SELIGMAN (SBN 083838)

JOCELYN D. LARKIN (SBN 110817)

THE IMPACT FUND

125 University Avenue

Berkeley, CA 94710

Telephone:        (510) 845-3473

Facsimile:         (510) 845-3654

 

JOSEPH SELLERS

CHRISTINE WEBBER

COHEN, MILSTEIN, HAUSFELD & TOLL

West Tower – Suite 500

1100 New York Avenue

Washington, D.C. 20005-3964

Telephone:        (202) 408-4600

Facsimile:         (202) 408-4699

 

IRMA D. HERRERA (SBN 98658)

DEBRA A. SMITH (SBN 147863)

EQUAL RIGHTS ADVOCATES

1663 Mission Street, Suite 250

San Francisco, CA 94103

Telephone:        (415) 621-0672

Facsimile:         (415) 621-6744

STEPHEN TINKLER

MERIT BENNETT

TINKLER & BENNETT

309 Johnson Street

Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501

Telephone:        (505) 986-0269

Facsimile:         (505) 982-6698

 

SHEILA Y. THOMAS (SBN 161403)

EQUAL RIGHTS ADVOCATES

5260 Proctor Avenue

Oakland, CA 94618

Telephone:        (510) 339-3739

Facsimile:         (510) 339-3723

 

DEBRA GARDNER

PUBLIC JUSTICE CENTER

500 East Lexington Street

Baltimore, MD 21202

Telephone:        (410) 625-9409

Facsimile:         (410) 625-9423

 

STEVE STEMERMAN (SBN 067690)

ELIZABETH LAWRENCE (SBN 111781)

DAVIS, COWELL & BOWE

100 Van Ness Avenue, 20th Floor

San Francisco, CA 94102

Telephone:        (415) 626-1880

Facsimile:         (415) 626-2860

 

Attorneys for Plaintiffs

SHAUNA MARSHALL (SBN 90641)

HASTINGS COLLEGE OF THE LAW

200 McAllister Street

San Francisco, CA 94102

Telephone:        (415) 565-4685

Facsimile:         (415) 565-4854

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

 

NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

 

 

BETTY DUKES, PATRICIA SURGESON, CLEO PAGE, CHRISTINE KWAPNOSKI, DEBORAH GUNTER, KAREN WILLIAMSON AND EDITH ARANA, on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated,

 

                        Plaintiff,

            vs.

WAL-MART STORES, INC.,

                        Defendant

Case No. C-01-2252 MJJ

 

DECLARATION OF DEDRA FARMER

IN SUPPORT OF PLAINTIFFS’ MOTION FOR CLASS CERTIFICATION

 

 

I, Dedra Farmer, declare:

1.         I am a 32 year old female and live in Lawrence, Kansas.

2.         During my employment at Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., I encountered discrimination based upon my gender with regard to compensation and promotions.

3.         I worked at Wal-Mart from November 10, 1989 through December 31, 2002.  My first job at Wal-Mart was as an associate in both the automotive and sporting goods departments.  Throughout my tenure at Wal-Mart I was an associate in hardware, a sales associate in TLE (Tire Lube Express), a Department Manager of TLE, a TLE Manager, and a Department 1 (food) Manager.  My starting pay in 1989 was approximately $4.45 an hour and I was making $14.55 an hour when my employment ended at Wal-Mart on December 31, 2002.  During my tenure at Wal-Mart I received a standard evaluation during the first year of my employment as an associate.  Thereafter, I always received exceeds expectations or above standard evaluations while I was an associate.  During the period of time I was a manager I always received 3.0 or above ratings.

4.         I began to experience discrimination because of my sex once I became an associate in Division 6, which is also known as TLE.  TLE is a division of Wal-Mart that performs basic oil changes, tire replacements, tire repairs, installs batteries, headlights, wiper blades and provides other minor automobile services to Wal-Mart customers.  TLE also sells tires, batteries, oil, oil filters, air filters, head lights, replacement bulbs and automobile accessories.

5.         I enjoyed working in TLE as I always had an interest in automobiles and their maintenance and repair, probably, in part, because my father was an automobile mechanic.  I found the physical nature of the job invigorating and the seasonal changes in the work exciting.  Once I started working in TLE, I intended to make advancement through the TLE Division my career with the ultimate goal of moving to the top level of TLE Division Management.

6.         The TLE Division of Wal-Mart was male dominated.  I worked in the TLE Division in the Manhattan, Bonner Springs, and Lawrence, Kansas stores.  In each of those stores, the hourly associates were 90-95% males.

7.         When I became a TLE manager, I was the only female TLE manager in my district.  While I was a TLE manager there was one additional female who was made a manager.  I attended a training program  for TLE managers.  Less than 10% of the TLE managers at this school were female.

8.         Soon after I became an associate in TLE, I decided that I wanted to be a TLE manager and I expressed that desire to my TLE Manager and my District Manager on numerous occasions.  I first began showing an interest in becoming a TLE Manager in 1993 and for the next several years I witnessed male associates with less experience and less time with Wal-Mart being promoted into the TLE Management Training Program over me.  I witnessed male associates being put into the training program who did not even know how to order supplies.  I observed that 90-95% of the male associates who were put into the TLE Management Program were promoted from inside my store.  These individuals were Jim Macmillan, Mike Mussleman, Frank Brown, Bob Zerskey, Will Gold and an individual named Bob who was from the Division 1 side of my store.  These individuals were all placed in the Management Training Program either by my TLE Managers, Don Dennison and Mike Thompson, or my District Manager, Dave Runyon.  I believe these individuals were placed in the Management Training Program over me because they were men and I am a woman.  During the same time frame that these men were placed in the program, I received exceeds expectation evaluations, I was dedicated to Wal-Mart and I had expressed a desire to get into the program.  Whenever I sought management’s recommendations for the program, they would simply come up with some suggestion as to areas that I needed to improve in order to get into the program.  These suggestions were vague and had no real basis in fact.

9.         I complained of discrimination to a Shoes and Jewelry Regional Manger, Nancy [last name unknown], in 1996.  I went to her to complain of discrimination with respect to my promotions because I had no success following my own chain of command.  Prior to going to Nancy, I had previously requested entry into the Management Training Program from Don Dennison, my TLE Manager, and his successor, Mike Thompson, and Dave Runyon, my District Manager.  A woman that I knew at Wal-Mart had suggested that I speak with Nancy even though she was a Shoes and Jewelry Regional Manager because she might be willing to listen to my complaint.  Within 48-hours after having discussed my discrimination claim with Nancy, I was called into a meeting with Dave Runyon and Mike Thompson in which they told me they would never discriminate against women.  Nevertheless, Mr. Runyon told me that he still was not going to promote me into the training program as he did not believe I was ready for the program.  I asked him to simply give me a chance as I felt I was ready and he refused.  He did indicate that he would let me interview with another District Manager in Kansas City and I agreed to do so.  I met with the TLE District Manager in Kansas City, Paul, and the interview went well.  During the interview, Paul asked me if I was willing to relocate to be a TLE Manager, and I told him I would relocate anywhere other than North and South Dakota.  The interview with Paul occurred in July 1996, but I was not notified that I was admitted  into the Management Training Program for TLE until October 1996.

10.       Upon being admitted to the Management Training Program, I was informed by Mr. Runyon that I was being transferred to the Lawrence, Kansas store for training. I expressed my displeasure in having to move my residence just for the training program and was told by Mr. Runyon that I could not train in my home store.  I knew this was not a valid reason for me being sent to Lawrence as I had observed other men being trained in their home stores.  Nevertheless, I did relocate to Lawrence, Kansas for the training program.  

11.       After I completed my training, I was assigned to the store in Bonner Springs, Kansas.  I was aware of the condition of this store because I had previously been sent to the store to help “clean it up” as the TLE Department was in bad shape due to an incompetent TLE Manager who had been running the store.  I was aware that the store was an old, small, understaffed and a low volume store and that it was not a store that you could ever be promoted from, because it did not do the volume necessary for one to progress in the company.  I informed Dave Runyon of all of my concerns about the Bonner Springs store and told him that I did not feel that it was fair to send me to this low volume store.  Mr. Runyon told me that I would only have to stay in this store for a short period of time.  I was aware that, at the same time that I was being placed in this low volume store,  other TLE trainees, all of whom were men, were being placed in high volume stores.  The effect of being in a higher volume store is that the TLE Manager’s bonus is based on the profit of his department which is always higher in a store with higher volume sales.  Consequently, the new TLE Managers in the higher volume stores, at the time I was placed at the Bonner Springs store, all men, were making more money than me for doing the same or similar work.  I felt that this was another form of discrimination that I experienced at Wal-Mart.  The individuals that I know who were placed into high volume stores on their first assignments as managers were James Scott, Jim McMillan, David McMillan, Rusty Goodmiller, Jared Budreau and Todd [last name unknown].

12.       I requested a transfer from my District Manager, Dave Runyon, from the Bonner Springs store on numerous occasions.  Time and time again my transfers were denied by Mr. Runyon while other male TLE trainees were placed in more profitable stores. 

13.       I was denied transfers to the Manhattan, Kansas and the Ottawa, Kansas stores.  I learned of the openings at the Ottawa store and requested of my District Manger, Dave Runyon, a transfer to that store.  Mr. Runyon’s only response was “we’ll see.”  The next time I inquired about the position it had already been filled and I was never even considered for this position.  I asked Mr. Runyon why I was not considered and he indicated that I had not spent twelve months in the Bonner Springs store which was a requirement before transfer to another store.  I know this was not a valid reason because the individual who was placed in the Ottawa store, Jared, only managed that store for three to four months before he was sent to manage the Junction City store which was an even higher volume store.  I believe this is another form of discrimination as men were not held to these so-called “rules” when it came to their promotions while these “rules” were used against me, a woman, when I tried to improve my position in the company.

14.       I also asked Mr. Runyon if I could transfer to the Manhattan, Kansas store when I learned of an opening in that store.  The Manhattan store was also a higher volume store than the Bonner Springs store.  Mr. Runyon denied my request to transfer to that store claiming that I could not be a manager in that store because that was my original home store.  However, I know that this was also an invalid reason as the individual that was placed in the Manhattan store as TLE Manager came from the Photo Department of the Manhattan Store.  His name was Rusty Goodmiller.  

15.       In 1999, I became aware of the fact that the Lawrence, Kansas store, a high volume store, was terminating its TLE Manager and I requested a transfer to that store as TLE manager.  The TLE Manager position was given to James Scott, a trainee with much less experience and competence in the TLE division than me.  I know that he was given this position without interviewing for the job and that, in fact, this position was never posted and was only given to James Scott on the recommendation of the TLE Manager who was just fired.  I believe that this was another form of discrimination exercised against me as I had been in the Bonner Springs store for the appropriate amount of time to train, I had improved the Bonner Springs store,  and I was well qualified to run a large volume store, yet it was given to a less qualified male. 

16.       While I was a TLE Manager I was aware that the bonus potential was less in the Bonner Springs store than in the larger volume stores and I expressed my concern in that regard to my direct supervisor, Dave Runyon.  My concern proved to be justified as it became clear to me while I was TLE Manager in the Bonner Springs store that the other TLE managers in my district, who were all in higher volume stores, were receiving larger bonuses than I was receiving.  The Lawrence, Kansas store was one of the highest volume stores in the district and the TLE Manager in that store would necessarily receive a higher bonus and have a better opportunity to be promoted up the TLE ladder. 

17.       After I was turned down for the transfer to the Lawrence store I determined that it was in my best interest to resign as a TLE Manager.  I discussed this with Dave Runyon before doing so and again expressed my concern over the lack of promotional opportunities and the lower pay I would be receiving so long as I remained at the Bonner Springs store.  No one at Wal-Mart offered me any alternatives to remaining at the Bonner Springs store, so I resigned as TLE Manager and transferred to the Lawrence, Kansas store as an associate.

18.       I also believe that I was discriminated against in the way I was treated by upper management while I was a TLE Manager.  The District Manager, Dave Runyon, and the Regional Manager, George Alderman, would frequently socialize with the male TLE Managers and would exclude me from the group.  It was the practice of the Regional Manager, George Alderman, to take the TLE trainee and the TLE Manager to lunch when he was visiting the store where the TLE Manager worked.  I observed Mr. Alderman engage in this practice in previous stores where I worked.  The only time that I noticed that he did not take the TLE Manager to lunch when he visited a store was when I was the TLE Manager.  I believe the different treatment I received from my District and Regional Managers was because I am a woman.

19.       When I went to the Lawrence, Kansas store I was made the Department Manager for TLE and assisted James Scott, the TLE Manager.  I essentially ran the entire TLE Department for Mr. Scott.  I chose to transfer out of that department due to my lack of desire to run the department for the TLE Manager.  Mr. Scott was upset when I transferred departments as he was concerned that he would be unable to run the TLE  Department without my assistance.  Within several weeks after I moved out of the TLE area, Mr. Scott resigned.  I was transferred to foods as a Department Manager and remained in that position until my employment at Wal-Mart ended.  I continued to receive exceeds expectations on all my performance appraisals after I transferred to the Lawrence, Kansas store.

20.       Apart from my own experience,  I did observe other women at Wal-Mart being paid less than men with either similar or less experience.  As an example, Louise Rails has been with Wal-Mart for over eight years and is still only making between $8.00-9.00 per hour.  Louise Rails has never received a merit raise in her eight years even though she is a dedicated employee who is well respected for her work.  Dennis Lowe, a man that worked for Wal-Mart with less experience than Louise Rails, received two merit raises in one year for a lateral move.   

21.       I raised the gender gap pay issue with Wal-Mart’s CEO Lee Scott by sending him two e-mails, one on August 30,  2000, a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit 1, and the other on February 12, 2001, a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit 2.  These e-mails raised several issues regarding the work environment at Wal-Mart as well as the equal pay for women issue. In response to my August 30, 2000 e-mail, Wal-Mart sent Brad Shaffner and Mel Stos to my store to discuss with me and Alix McKenna the issues raised in the e-mail.  Eventually Wal-Mart largely resolved the issues other than discrimination raised in the e-mail.  Mr. Shaffner and Mr. Stos told Alix and I that they were going to run spreadsheets to analyze the gender pay gap and that they would get back to us after they ran the spreadsheets.  One of the reasons I sent the February 12, 2001 e-mail to Mr. Scott was to follow up on Wal-Mart’s promise to run spreadsheets on the gender pay gap issue since we had heard nothing on this issue since our meeting with Mr. Shaffner and Mr. Stos.  No one at Wal-Mart has ever responded to our inquiry in the February 12, 2001 e-mail about the gender pay gap analysis.  Wal-Mart never showed us any spreadsheets or even advised us if the spreadsheets were ever run or analyzed.

22.       While employed at the Lawrence store there were approximately 25-35 department managers.  Only four to six of the department managers were men and the remainder were women.  There were approximately six assistant managers at the Lawrence, Kansas store and only one of those managers was a female.

23.       On December 31, 2002, I was terminated from my employment at Wal-Mart.  Originally I was told that I was being terminated because I “stole” time from Wal-Mart by taking too many breaks and that my breaks were too long. Later, when it became apparent that this was not true, Wal-Mart came up with a different justification, equally untrue.  I believe that I was actually terminated in retaliation for my long standing complaints regarding the presence of sexual discrimination at Wal-Mart.  I have complained of sexual discrimination since 1996 when I was being denied promotion opportunities.  I continued to complain of sexual discrimination when I was placed in the Bonner Springs store, when I joined this case as a class member (I was deposed in the case by Wal-Mart on August 30, 2002), and most recently when I supported a female employee of Wal-Mart who was making a sexual harassment complaint against Wal-Mart.

24.       My support of the sexual harassment complainant was known to Wal-Mart management because the complainant informed the Store Manager that I was either a witness to the sexual harassment or that I had experienced sexual harassment from the same manager she claimed had harassed her.  I did advise this particular female associate to use the Open Door policy when her complaints were not taken seriously by the Store Manager.  She followed my advice and ultimately the District Manager investigated the complaint and terminated the male associate.  It was after the upper management investigation of the sexual harassment complaints that the Store Manager fired me on December 31, 2002.  I used the Open Door policy to appeal the firing to the home office.  The Home Office told me that they were going to take the matter seriously, investigate and meet with me.  They later informed me that they were going to affirm the termination and explained I was terminated for clocking-in early, not for taking too many breaks.  I had never been coached or warned about the alleged clocking-in too early behavior and I was not given an opportunity to confront management about the new alleged basis for my termination. 

25.       I received numerous commendations throughout my career with Wal-Mart and never received a single coaching during the thirteen years that I worked for Wal-Mart.  Different reasons being given at different times for my termination, my long standing complaints about sexual discrimination, the timing of the termination in conjunction with my assistance to the female associate complaining of sexual harassment and my participation as a class member in this case, cause me to believe that I was terminated in retaliation for expressing my feelings about sexual discrimination at Wal-Mart.

26.       After I stepped down as TLE Manager, I was approached on occasion by another female TLE Manager, Ann McCune, as to whether or not I would be interested in re-entering the TLE Management training program and I indicated to her that, as long as the discrimination against women in the workplace was occurring with respect to females progressing in management I would not be interested in being in the management training program.   However, I told her that if Wal-Mart did change its discriminatory policies than I would be interested in being placed back in the management training program in Wal-Mart.

            I have personal knowledge of each and every fact set forth in the Declaration, and if called to testify as a witness in this matter, I could and would competently testify to each of these facts.

            I declare under penalty of perjury of the laws of the United States and State of Kansas that the foregoing is true and correct.

            This Declaration was signed by me on April _____, 2003 at  ___________________, Kansas.

                       

                                                                                    ___________________________________

                                                                                    Dedra Farmer